[ 1] By definition,. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. D. acute respiratory distress. You should: Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. A. place bulky padding behind his or her occiput. C. delayed capillary refill. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. B. thoroughly suction his or her airway. A. of the head. If complementary foods are not introduced around the age of 6 months, or if they are given inappropriately, an infant's growth may falter. Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? A. mother younger than 20 years C. electrolyte imbalances. Immediate transport is indicated for a child when he or she: Answer: C Answer: B 94. Page: 1188. C. second-degree burns covering more than 10% of the body surface. To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20-kg child? The anti-inflammatory action of corticosteroids reduces laryngeal mucosal edema and decreases the need for salvage nebulized epinephrine. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. C. caused by inflammation of the spinal cord. A. 105. D. brisk capillary refill. 9. heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. C. Most cervical spine fractures in infants and children occur between the first and second cervical vertebrae. D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. Question Type: Critical Thinking Page: 1158-1159. The child is conscious and appears alert. B. more vascular despite the fact that they are proportionately smaller. C. Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. C) a stiff or painful neck. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. a stiff or painful neck. 73. You should: An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. 90. C. an ineffective cough. A. is experiencing mild to moderate pain. 25. D. caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. Peripheral vasoconstriction is more dependent on core than on skin temperature (cf. If a pediatric patient begins seizing again during your care, which of the following would be your treatment priority? spinal precautions, and transport. D. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: Authors Channel Summit. Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: By 3 months old, your baby may respond to these sounds with excitement. D. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: 11. B. are more obvious than in the adult population. A. result in tachycardia. Question Type: General Knowledge The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. m(i)=31+52+73+94+115+136++2i+1i. B. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance. Page: 1182. D. dry mucous membranes. D. brisk capillary refill. Page: 1169. A. place her supine and elevate her legs. If appropriate dosing for children and infants is included with age ranges as needed. B. EMTs must report all suspected cases of child abuse. 6 months and 6 years. Question Type: General Knowledge The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. You are responding to a 9-1-1 call where the mother reported finding her 3-month-old daughter cyanotic and unresponsive in her crib. A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. Question Type: General Knowledge B. A. pallor. B. females 23. Question Type: General Knowledge Vasoconstriction can help or hurt your body, depending on the situation. Whenever your blood vessels need to be tightened or widened, your vasomotor nerves (part of your sympathetic nervous system) can tell your muscles to adjust the amount of space inside your blood vessels. C. age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her. You should: She is receiving high-flow oxygen C. facilitate a rapid head-to-toe assessment of the child by visualization only. Laser range finders used by surveyors determine the distance traveled to a reflecting target by means of a pulse of laser light, which travels from the range finder to the target and back. How would you rate a patient who is breathing spontaneously, has a peripheral pulse, and is appropriately responsive to painful stimuli? The child is conscious, D. 50 g. The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. A. 4 years. Question Type: Critical Thinking presence of shock in infants and children? D. Blanching of the nares after insertion indicates correct placement. 20 g Question Type: General Knowledge This acute mediastinitis from esophageal rupture. A. profound tachycardia. When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should: Page: 1187. B. The suture of the anterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age, and the suture of the posterior fontanelle is typically closed by _____ months of age. Page: 1180, 64. In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: D. assess his or her respiratory effort. Answer: B Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge You should: Which of the following statements regarding the use of nasopharyngeal airways in children is Page: 1168. A. result in tachycardia. 43. Answer: A D. acute hypoxia and tachycardia. Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: pulse. After your partner stabilizes his head and opens his airway, you assess his breathing D. children with shunts. B. should be performed, regardless of the circumstances. Question Type: Critical Thinking 62. What does respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cause? She is conscious but clearly restless. This means that the patient has: a. normal breath sounds. D. child's core body temperature is elevated. B. Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: 5. D. stridorous breathing. The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. C. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. Peds. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. D. A 3-month-old infant can distinguish a parent from a stranger. Blood loss in a child exceeding _____ of his or her total blood volume significantly increases the risk of shock. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. D. an unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury, C. consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver, Bruising to the _________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse. Question Type: General Knowledge Research the incidence of skin cancer in different parts of the world. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? This . She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. D. 18, 6, Answer: D B. back A. evaluate the child's baseline vital signs. A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. 11 Common signs and symptoms of hypothermia include: Shivering (the first and the most common sign) Slow, shallow breathing Drowsiness Weak pulse Cold palms and feet Clumsy movements Loss of consciousness Slurred speech Transient memory loss A confused state of mind Bright red, cold skin (in babies) As the heart beats to push blood through these narrowed vessels, the increased pressure and resistance can dislodge a plaque, allowing it to travel through the bloodstream. prepare for immediate transport to a trauma center. Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by: The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: 45. B. partial-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the body surface. D. open his airway and look in his mouth. He is complaining of pain when he tries to turn his head. A. C. perform a head tilt-chin lift maneuver. D. experiencing cardiopulmonary arrest. transport to the closest trauma center. 3. 2 seconds. C. second-degree burns covering more than 10% of the body surface. A. appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. C. grunting. B. attempt cooling measures, offer oxygen, and transport. Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called: The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: A. bleeding in the brain. inhalation by: Answer: C B. carotid He is conscious, but his A. put padding behind his or her head. A. B. allow the family to observe if they wish. B. Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: C. may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: Critical Thinking partial paralysis. Which of the following statements regarding a pediatric patient's anatomy is correct? Page: 1173. He is unresponsive and there are no signs of breathing. C. femoral D. may indicate a serious underlying illness. You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. C. insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway adjunct. You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. C. an ineffective cough. Write a test program that displays m(i) for i = 1, 2, . B. drooling or congestion. A. normal interactiveness, awareness to time, and pink skin color. C. neonatal period. Page: 1195. Answer: B C. crying or combativeness, good muscle tone, and awareness to time. 34. 63. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. D. caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. Your assessment reveals that she is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her mouth. CHLOROPROCAINE HCI CHLOROPROCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE 10 mg/mL HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst B. questions would be of LEAST pertinence? 2, 4 Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Page: 1168. C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, Page: 1184. C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. C. skin condition, respiratory rate, and level of alertness. You should: C. deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess his condition. Answer: D D. begin chest compressions if she becomes unresponsive and her heart rate falls below 80 beats/min. He is conscious, but his What is the purpose of a forward declaration of a class? D. give oxygen if the SpO2 is less than 90%. D. 6, Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? B. ensure that his or her neck is hyperextended. To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: C. belly breathing. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: 8. C. a stiff or painful neck. You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. B. carotid A. irritability of the left ventricle. Effective methods for providing pain relief to a child with an extremity injury include: positioning, ice packs, and emotional support. Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: 2, 4 B. asthma. B) Children are belly breathers because they rely heavily on their diaphragms. You should: The child is conscious, A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. A. extreme restlessness. Question Type: General Knowledge D. lower in the abdominal cavity, where the muscles are not as strong. A. pink, dry skin. Greenstick fractures occur in infants and children because: their bones bend more easily than an adult's. D. hyperextend the neck to ensure adequate alignment. Question Type: General Knowledge 68. B. positioning, ice packs, and emotional support. D. 5 seconds. The infant's wreck in west monroe, la today. C. perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. You should: Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20kg child? The immunity that is given to the fetus or newborn by the immune system of the mother is an example of: a. active natural immunity b. passive natural immunity c. active artificial immunity d. passive artificial immunity. C. 60 C. result in airway swelling. Question Type: General Knowledge Page: 1161. D. refusal to drink fluids. Because of a child's proportionately large head, they are more prone to spinal cord injuries than adults. A. infection. B. child abuse. B. mental status, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure. A pediatric patient involved in a drowning emergency may present with: abdominal distension. and clinging to her mother. Correct D. start of infancy. You should: C. usually present within the first 10 minutes of ingestion. D. give detailed updates to the infant's parents. Question Type: General Knowledge A. hot items on a stovetop. C. 25 g 17. A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. Page: 1158. 12.5 g D. duration of symptoms, Answer: A Answer: B Answer: C Bruising to the _________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse. EMTs are assessing a 2-year-old child who was riding in a car seat when the vehicle struck a tree while traveling at 45 MPH. 80. When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. C. severe dehydration. Cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is MOST commonly the result of: When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: they usually do not wish to be observed during a procedure. Question Type: General Knowledge An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by: B. respiratory or circulatory failure. 99. D. mother smoked during pregnancy, C. putting a baby to sleep on his or her back. C. have a parent restrain the child as you give oxygen. (a) 30C,5mmHg-30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 5 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}30C,5mmHg Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an semiconscious infant or child, you must: ensure that the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge If the situation allows, a child should be transported in a car seat if he or she weighs less than _____ lb. D. Inexperience and poor judgment are rare causes of pediatric trauma. C. vomiting and diarrhea. 93. B. asthma. This is what is known as an embolus. A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. Page: 1187, 87. Question Type: General Knowledge The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? Compared to adults, the liver and spleen of pediatric patients are more prone to injury and bleeding because they are: The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. C. bulging fontanelles. 55. Question Type: General Knowledge A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. The patient, an 18-month-old female, D. hyperglycemia. D. swimming pools. and perform a secondary assessment. 28. correct? C. face 29. What time did the ingestion occur? C. hypothermia and an irregular pulse. A. assume the child is hypertensive. In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, a short/absent postictal phase. B. crying and anxiety. C. Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. B. thoroughly suction his or her airway. D. duration of symptoms. C. are usually caused by viral meningitis. B. conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: Answer: C C. an unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations Most trials have used dexamethasone at 0.6 mg/kg (intramuscular or oral), but oral . D. wheezing. Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge B. ensure that the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. A blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg indicates high blood pressure . Her skin is hot and moist. A. older than 8 to 10 years. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. C. severe hypoxia and bradycardia. Page: 1182, 71. D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: 7. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. D. 98 mm Hg. D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. Answer: D A 4-year-old, 16-kg female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. recent ear infection. Critical burns in children include: Capillary refill time is MOST reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than: Referring to Figure 9.5, state what phase(s) is (are) present at C. assuming a tripod position. D. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child. The presence of those signs indicates very late signs of brain stem dysfunction and that cerebral blood flow has been significantly inhibited. Present your findings in a written or oral report. After squeezing the end of a child's finger or toe for a few seconds, blood should return to the area within: As you approach the child, you note B. unresponsiveness, complete body relaxation, a fever greater than 105F, and a short postictal phase. coughing forcefully. C. his or her vital signs are stable. Question Type: General Knowledge A. child abuse must be reported only if it can be proven. ., 10. Page: 1193-1194, 97. bag-mask ventilations is to: 50. D. mother smoked during pregnancy. A. secure the head before the torso. He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has a large hematoma to the back of his head. When ventilating a pediatric patient with a bag-mask device, the EMT should: Page: 1178. Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: Question Type: General Knowledge D) altered mental status. 4 You should suspect: The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. D. give 12.5 to 25 g of activated charcoal. Answer: A C. exposure to caustic chemicals. C. avoiding the placement of a splint, if possible. Page: 1185. D. 50 g, Answer: B A. 3 months and 4 years. C. Why did your child ingest the poison? A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between: When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial pulse or ________ pulse. When a child faints, the blood supply and the oxygen that blood brings to the brain is temporarily reduced. Answer: A When you stimulate the child, she responds. Question Type: General Knowledge Blood flow is delayed or halted as blood vessels close. 3 months and 4 years. A. proportionately larger and situated more anteriorly. 4 years. D. acute respiratory distress. D. superficial burns covering more than 10% to 15% of the body surface. B. child abuse. 91. Page: 1186. 83. Page: 1193. D. refusal to drink fluids. Wheezing. D. place the child in a supine position and perform abdominal thrusts. Answer: B A. place bulky padding behind his or her occiput. D. Inexperience and poor judgment are rare causes of pediatric trauma. Page: 1190. It is the recommended adjunct for children with head trauma. 104. Which of the following statements regarding a pediatric patient's anatomy is correct? Page: 1196. Answer: B A. the flexible rib cage protects the vital thoracic organs. A. place padding under the child's head. Question Type: General Knowledge B. awareness to place, pink and dry skin, and consistent eye contact. B. visualize the child's airway. A. estimate the child's weight based on age. The MOST accurate method for determining if you are delivering adequate tidal volume to a child during bag-mask ventilations is to: When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: B. talk to the child, not just the caregiver. A. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital. B. B. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. history from an adolescent patient? D. assess his or her respiratory effort. B. observe the child's skin color. After using the PAT to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: Question Type: General Knowledge B. hyperglycemia. A. excessive tearing. obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. Page: 1176. Blood pressure is usually not assessed in children younger than _____ years. 101.
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